What Is Dental Implant Failure?
Dental implant failure occurs when the implant does not properly fuse to the jawbone (a process known as osseointegration) or when it becomes loose, infected, or damaged after successful placement. Failure can be classified into two main categories:
Early Implant Failure: Occurs within the first few months after placement, often before the implant has fully integrated with the bone.
Late Implant Failure: Happens months or years after successful placement, often due to infection, bone loss, or mechanical problems.
Signs & Symptoms of a Failing Dental Implant
Most patients are not dental professionals, so it can be difficult to tell if something is wrong with an implant. Keep an eye out for the following warning signs:
- Persistent pain or discomfort around the implant
- Swelling, redness, or inflammation of the gums
- Bleeding when brushing near the implant site
- A feeling that the implant is loose or shifting
- Difficulty chewing or biting
- Receding gums around the implant
- Pus or discharge near the implant site
- Visible bone loss on an X-ray
If you’re experiencing any of these symptoms, it’s important to contact your dental provider immediately for an evaluation.
Common Causes of Dental Implant Failure
Understanding the causes of dental implant failure can help prevent it. Here are the most common reasons:
- Poor Osseointegration
Osseointegration is the process by which the implant fuses with the surrounding jawbone. Failure to integrate properly often results in early failure and is usually caused by:
- Poor bone quality or insufficient bone volume
- Overheating of the bone during placement
- Excessive movement during the healing phase
- Medical conditions such as uncontrolled diabetes
- Peri-Implantitis
This is an infection of the gum and bone around the implant, similar to gum disease. It can lead to inflammation, bone loss, and implant failure if left untreated.
- Overloading
Applying too much force or stress on a new implant (such as biting hard foods or grinding teeth) can interfere with healing and integration.
- Smoking
Tobacco use significantly reduces blood flow and slows healing, increasing the risk of implant complications.
- Poor Oral Hygiene
Failing to brush and floss regularly can allow plaque and bacteria to accumulate around the implant, leading to infection and bone loss.
- Medical Conditions
Certain health conditions and medications can interfere with healing or compromise bone health, including osteoporosis, autoimmune disorders, and chemotherapy.
How Is a Failed Dental Implant Diagnosed?
Your dentist or oral surgeon will perform a thorough evaluation, which may include:
- A clinical exam to assess gum health and implant mobility
- X-rays or CBCT scans to evaluate bone support and check for hidden infections
- Periodontal probing to measure gum pocket depth
- Review of your medical history, oral hygiene, and habits like smoking or bruxism
The goal is to identify the cause of failure and determine whether the implant can be salvaged or needs to be removed.
Treatment Options for Dental Implant Repair
The treatment for a failed dental implant depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the issue. Here are the most common repair strategies:
- Non-Surgical Treatment
In cases where the issue is mild—such as early-stage peri-implantitis—non-surgical treatment may be effective. This can include:
- Deep cleaning of the implant surface
- Antibiotic therapy (oral or localized)
- Laser treatment to disinfect the area
- Occlusal adjustment (correcting bite forces)
- Surgical Debridement & Regeneration
If bone loss has occurred, a more invasive procedure may be necessary:
- Removal of infected tissue
- Decontamination of the implant surface
- Bone grafting to rebuild lost bone
- Use of membranes or growth factors to promote healing
This approach may allow the implant to remain in place if caught early enough.
- Implant Removal & Replacement
If the implant is too loose, severely infected, or improperly placed, it will likely need to be removed. The site may require:
- Bone grafting to rebuild the area
- Healing time (typically 3–6 months)
- Placement of a new implant once the site is ready
In some cases, immediate implant replacement may be possible if there is no active infection and enough bone is present.
Is Dental Implant Repair Painful?
Implant repair procedures are typically performed under local anesthesia or sedation, so you should feel little to no pain during the process. Afterward, patients may experience mild discomfort, swelling, or tenderness for a few days—similar to the recovery from the original implant procedure.
Pain management may include over-the-counter or prescription medications, antibiotics, and follow-up visits to ensure proper healing.
How to Prevent Implant Failure
While not all implant failures are preventable, you can take steps to significantly reduce your risk:
- Choose an experienced provider: Success starts with proper placement. Choose a periodontist or implant specialist with extensive training.
- Maintain excellent oral hygiene: Brush and floss daily, and use antimicrobial rinses if recommended.
- Attend regular dental checkups: Your dentist can monitor your implant and surrounding tissue for any early signs of trouble.
- Quit smoking: Smoking impairs healing and increases the risk of infection and bone loss.
- Use a nightguard if you grind your teeth: Protect your implant from excessive forces.
- Follow all post-operative instructions: Healing time, diet restrictions, and hygiene routines are critical to implant success.
Early Action Makes a Difference
Dental implant failure is rare, but when it happens, early diagnosis and treatment are key. Ignoring symptoms or delaying care can lead to more extensive damage, bone loss, and the need for additional procedures.
If you suspect something isn’t right with your dental implant, don’t wait. Contact your provider to schedule an evaluation. In many cases, the problem can be addressed successfully—and your smile restored.
Need Help with a Failing Dental Implant?
Our team has extensive experience diagnosing and repairing dental implant complications. Whether you’re experiencing discomfort, swelling, or just want a second opinion, we’re here to help.
Call us today to schedule your consultation and protect your smile.