Patients are often familiar with issues such as broken or chipped teeth. Tooth resorption, however, can be an entirely different thing. Chips and cracks are common in cases of an accident or injury, while resorption is related to a physiological process within the body. There are some similarities between tooth resorption and decay, but there are also some substantial differences.
The following article highlights common causes of tooth resorption, symptoms, types or resorption, and treatment options.
Tooth resorption is a relatively common oral injury which results in the loss of a portion of the tooth. In addition to tooth loss, patients often have swollen gums, pinkish coloring or dark spots on the teeth. Various parts of the tooth can be affected by resorption such as the cementum, root, interior pulp, and dentin.
In most cases, resorption begins on the outside of the tooth and progresses to the inside portion of the tooth. It can cause infections and other issues such as tooth loss, misalignment, and other types of oral health problems. Patients who suspect they are experiencing tooth resorption, or another issue should follow up with a dentist for a diagnosis and to begin treatment.
Symptoms
The symptoms of tooth resorption may not be overly obvious or clear. Resorption can often go undetected for months or even years. As the condition progresses, symptoms become more severe. Common symptoms of tooth resorption are summarized below:
1. Red or swollen gums
2. Teeth which are brittle and easily chip
3. Pinkish coloring or dark spots
4. Holes in the teeth
5. Newly formed gaps or bad spacing
6. Pain and discomfort
There are two different types of tooth resorption which can occur which includes internal and external resorption.
Internal Resorption
The inside of the tooth is affected with internal resorption. This form of resorption is less common. Men and patients who have had oral surgery are at an increased risk for this internal resorption. Because internal resorption impacts the internal tissues, patients are often unaware of the problem. Dentists commonly use x-rays to detect the issue.
External Resorption
This type of resorption is more common and affects the outside tooth. It can impact the root of the tooth all the way to the cementum. The issue typically presents itself as chips or deep holes which are visible on the external surface of the tooth. When the root is impacted, it is often detected by an x-ray.
Causes
The specific causes of resorption are not fully known. However, there are various factors commonly associated with tooth resorption. In many cases, resorption is caused by trauma or an injury to the teeth or mouth. The teeth can also be due to prolonged use of orthodontic appliances such as braces, harsh chemicals from teeth whitening, or grinding of the teeth. Tooth swelling is often caused by an untreated cavity.
Tooth resorption is a serious issue which requires prompt treatment. When patients begin to notice any of the symptoms associated with resorption, they should contact their dentist immediately. The treatment of tooth resorption often involves the removal and repair of the affected area. This aids in preventing additional damage. When tooth resorption remains untreated over time, it can result in tooth loss or the need for extraction. Patients should work with their dentist to determine the best treatment option for their specific case of tooth resorption.